GAPDH Antibody

Purified Mouse Monoclonal Antibody

Figure 1: Western blot analysis using GAPDH mouse mAb against Hela (1), A549 (2), A431 (3), MCF-7 (4), K562 (5), Jurkat (6), HL60 (7), SKN-SH (8) and SKBR-3 (9) cell lysate.
Figure 2: Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma (left) and kidney carcinoma (right), showing cytoplasmic localization using GAPDH mouse mAb with DAB staining.
Figure 3: Confocal immunofluorescence analysis of methanol-fixed HepG2 (left) and Hela (right) cells using GAPDH mouse mAb (green), showing cytoplasmic localization. Blue: DRAQ5 fluorescent DNA dye.

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Product Information
Application Applications Legend: E=ELISA WB=Western Blotting IHC=Immunohistochemistry IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) IP=Immunoprecipitation IF=Immunofluorescence IC=Immunochemistry ICC=Immunocytochemistry FC=Flow Cytometry DB=Dot Blot	WB, IHC, ICC, E
Primary Accession	P04406
Reactivity	Human
Host	Mouse
Clonality	Monoclonal
Clone Names	1A10
Isotype	IgG1
Calculated MW	36053 Da
Description	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is well known as one of the key enzymes involvedin glycolysis. It catalyzes an important energy-yielding step in carbohydrate metabolism, the reversible oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the presence of inorganic phosphate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The enzyme exists as a tetramer of identical chains. Besides its functioning as a glycolytic enzyme in cytoplasm, recent evidence suggest that mammalian GAPDH is also involved in a great number of intracellular proceses such as membrane fusion, microtubule bundling, phosphotransferase activity, nuclear RNA export, DNA replication, and DNA repair. During the last decade a lot of findings appeared concerning the role of GAPDH in different pathologies including prostate cancer progression, programmed neuronal cell death, age-related neuronal diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease.
Immunogen	Purified recombinant fragment of human GAPDH expressed in E. Coli.
Formulation	Ascitic fluid containing 0.03% sodium azide.

Additional Information
Gene ID	2597
Other Names	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GAPDH, 1.2.1.12, Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH, 2.6.99.-, GAPDH, GAPD
Dilution	WB~~1/500 - 1/2000 IHC~~1/200 - 1/1000 ICC~~N/A E~~N/A
Storage	Maintain refrigerated at 2-8°C for up to 6 months. For long term storage store at -20°C in small aliquots to prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Precautions	GAPDH Antibody is for research use only and not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

Protein Information
Name	GAPDH {ECO:0000303\|PubMed:2987855, ECO:0000312\|HGNC:HGNC:4141}
Function	Catalyzes the conversion of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate in glycolysis and the reverse reaction in gluconeogenesis (PubMed:11724794, PubMed:3170585). Also shows nitrosylase activity, thereby playing a role in nuclear functions (PubMed:11724794, PubMed:3170585). Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Facilitates the CHP1- dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubules (By similarity). Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes (PubMed:23071094). Upon interferon-gamma treatment assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation (PubMed:23071094). Also plays a role in innate immunity by promoting TNF-induced NF-kappa-B activation and type I interferon production, via interaction with TRAF2 and TRAF3, respectively (PubMed:23332158, PubMed:27387501). Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis (By similarity). Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC (By similarity).
Cellular Location	Cytoplasm, cytosol. Nucleus {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P04797}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Membrane Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P04797} Note=Translocates to the nucleus following S-nitrosylation and interaction with SIAH1, which contains a nuclear localization signal (By similarity). Postnuclear and Perinuclear regions (PubMed:12829261) {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P04797, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12829261}