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Anti-Apelin Reference Antibody (Amgen patent anti-Apelin)

Anti-Apelin Reference Antibody (Amgen patent anti-Apelin) on SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) condition. The purity of the protein is greater than 95%.
The purity of Anti-Apelin Reference Antibody (Amgen patent anti-Apelin) is 96.4%, determined by SEC-HPLC.
Immobilized hu-Apelin-Fc at 2 µg/mL can bind Amgen patent anti-Apelin, EC50= 0.1453 µg/mL.

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Product Information
Application Applications Legend: E=ELISA WB=Western Blotting IHC=Immunohistochemistry IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) IP=Immunoprecipitation IF=Immunofluorescence IC=Immunochemistry ICC=Immunocytochemistry FC=Flow Cytometry DB=Dot Blot	Functional assay, Kinetics (SPR), Kinetics (BLI), FACS, E, FTA
Primary Accession	Q9ULZ1
Reactivity	Human
Clonality	Monoclonal
Isotype	IgG1
Calculated MW	8569 Da

Additional Information
Target/Specificity	Apelin
Expression system	CHO

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

Patent Notice: The variable region sequence of this antibody is derived from a published third-party patent. This product is manufactured independently as a Research Use Only (RUO) reagent and is not licensed, sponsored, or endorsed by the patent holder. It is intended solely for research purposes. Customers considering any commercial, diagnostic, or therapeutic use should independently evaluate freedom-to-operate with respect to relevant third-party patents.

Protein Information
Name	APLN (HGNC:16665)
Synonyms	APEL
Function	Peptide hormone that functions as endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled apelin receptor (APLNR/APJ), that plays a role in cadiovascular homeostasis (PubMed:10525157, PubMed:22810587, PubMed:35817871, PubMed:38428423). Functions as a balanced agonist activating both G(i) protein pathway and beta-arrestin pathway of APLNR (PubMed:22810587, PubMed:38428423). Downstream G proteins activation, apelin can inhibit cAMP production and activate key intracellular effectors such as ERKs (PubMed:22810587, PubMed:35817871, PubMed:38428423). On the other hand, APLNR activation induces beta- arrestin recruitment to the membrane leading to desensitization and internalization of the receptor (PubMed:22810587, PubMed:38428423). Apelin blunts cardiac hypertrophic induction from APLNR on response to pathological stimuli, but also induces myocardial hypertrophy under normal conditions (PubMed:22810587, PubMed:38428423). Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis (By similarity). Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates (By similarity). Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation (By similarity). Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner (By similarity). May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior (By similarity).
Cellular Location	Secreted {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:Q9TUI9}. Secreted, extracellular space. Note=Abundantly secreted in the colostrum. Lower level in milk. Decreases rapidly within several days after parturition in milk, but is still detectable even in commercial milk. {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:Q9TUI9}
Tissue Location	Expressed in the brain with highest levels in the frontal cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus and midbrain (PubMed:10617103) Secreted by the mammary gland into the colostrum and the milk