S100A1

Product Information
Primary Accession	P23297
Species	Human
Sequence	Met1-Ser94
Purity	> 95% as analyzed by SDS-PAGE > 95% as analyzed by HPLC
Endotoxin Level	< 1 EU/ µg of protein by gel clotting method
Expression System	E. coli
Formulation	Lyophilized after extensive dialysis against 20 mM Tris-HCl, 0.1 mM EDTA, pH 7.0.
Reconstitution	It is recommended that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute the lyophilized powder in ddH₂O at 200 µg/ml.
Storage & Stability	Upon receiving, this product remains stable for up to 6 months at lower than -70°C. Upon reconstitution, the product should be stable for up to 1 week at 4°C or up to 3 months at -20°C. For long term storage it is recommended that a carrier protein (example 0.1% BSA) be added. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Additional Information
Gene ID	6271
Other Names	Protein S100-A1, S-100 protein alpha chain, S-100 protein subunit alpha, S100 calcium-binding protein A1, S100A1, S100A
Target Background	S100 calcium-binding protein A1 (S100A1) is a small calcium binding protein with EF-hand structures and belongs to the S100 family. S100 proteins include at least 25 members which are located as a cluster on human chromosome 1q21. S100A1 is found in the heart, skeletal muscle, brain, and kidney.S100A1 mainly resides on the sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and myofilaments. S100A1 may function in stimulation of Ca²⁺ induced Ca²⁺ release, inhibition of microtubule assembly, and inhibition of protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation. Reduced expression of this protein has been implicated in cardiomyopathies.

Protein Information
Name	S100A1
Synonyms	S100A
Function	Small calcium binding protein that plays important roles in several biological processes such as Ca(2+) homeostasis, chondrocyte biology and cardiomyocyte regulation (PubMed:12804600). In response to an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) levels, binds calcium which triggers conformational changes (PubMed:23351007). These changes allow interactions with specific target proteins and modulate their activity (PubMed:22399290). Regulates a network in cardiomyocytes controlling sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) cycling and mitochondrial function through interaction with the ryanodine receptors RYR1 and RYR2, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase/ATP2A2 and mitochondrial F1-ATPase (PubMed:12804600). Facilitates diastolic Ca(2+) dissociation and myofilament mechanics in order to improve relaxation during diastole (PubMed:11717446).
Cellular Location	Cytoplasm. Sarcoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondrion {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P56565}
Tissue Location	Highly prevalent in heart (PubMed:12804600, PubMed:1384693). Also found in lesser quantities in skeletal muscle and brain (PubMed:1384693).