PD-1

Product Information
Primary Accession	Q15116
Species	Human
Sequence	Leu25-Gln167
Purity	> 98% as analyzed by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin Level	< 0.2 EU/ µg of protein by gel clotting method
Biological Activity	Assay #1: Immobilized PD-L1, hFc, Human (Cat. No.: Z03371) at 1.0 µg/ml (100 µl/well) can bind biotinylated PD-1, hFc, Human. Assay #2: Immobilized PD-L1, His, Human(Cat. No.: Z03425) at 2.0 µg/ml (100 µl/well) can bind PD-1, hFc, Human.
Expression System	CHO
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution	It is recommended that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute the lyophilized powder in ddH₂O or PBS up to 100 µg/ml.
Storage & Stability	Upon receiving, this product remains stable for up to 6 months at lower than -70°C. Upon reconstitution, the product should be stable for up to 1 week at 4°C or up to 3 months at -20°C. For long term storage it is recommended that a carrier protein (example 0.1% BSA) be added. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Additional Information
Gene ID	5133
Other Names	Programmed cell death protein 1, Protein PD-1, hPD-1, CD279, PDCD1 {ECO:0000303\|PubMed:7851902, ECO:0000312\|HGNC:HGNC:8760}
Target Background	Programmed cell death protein 1, also known as PD-1 and CD279 (cluster of differentiation 279) or PDCD1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDCD1 gene. PD-1 is a cell surface receptor that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed on T cells and pro-B cells.PD-1 binds two ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. PD-1 and its ligands play an important role in down regulating the immune system by preventing the activation of T-cells, which in turn reduces autoimmunity and promotes self-tolerance. The inhibitory effect of PD-1 is accomplished through a dual mechanism of promoting apoptosis (programmed cell death) in antigen specific T-cells in lymph nodes while simultaneously reducing apoptosis in regulatory T cells (suppressor T cells)

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

Protein Information
Name	PDCD1 {ECO:0000303\|PubMed:7851902, ECO:0000312\|HGNC:HGNC:8760}
Function	Inhibitory receptor on antigen activated T-cells that plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self (PubMed:21276005, PubMed:31754127, PubMed:32184441, PubMed:37208329). Delivers inhibitory signals upon binding to ligands CD274/PDCD1L1 and CD273/PDCD1LG2 (PubMed:21276005, PubMed:26602187). Following T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement, PDCD1 associates with TCR-CD3 in the immunological synapse and directly inhibits T-cell activation (PubMed:32184441). Suppresses T-cell activation through the recruitment of PTPN11/SHP-2: following ligand-binding, PDCD1 is phosphorylated within the ITSM motif, leading to the recruitment of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN11/SHP-2 that mediates dephosphorylation of key TCR proximal signaling molecules, such as ZAP70, PRKCQ/PKCtheta and CD247/CD3zeta (PubMed:32184441).
Cellular Location	Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein