SK2 Antibody

Purified Mouse Monoclonal Antibody

Black line: Control Antigen (100 ng);
Purple line: Antigen(10ng);
Blue line: Antigen (50 ng);
Red line: Antigen (100 ng);
Figure 2:Immunofluorescence analysis of HeLa cells using SK2 mouse mAb (green). Blue: DRAQ5 fluorescent DNA dye. Red: Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor- 555 phalloidin. Secondary antibody from Fisher (Cat#: 35503)
Figure 3:Flow cytometric analysis of HeLa cells using SK2 mouse mAb (green) and negative control (red).
Figure 4:Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded ovarian cancer tissues using SK2 mouse mAb with DAB staining.
Figure 5:Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded endometrial cancer tissues using SK2 mouse mAb with DAB staining.

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Product Information
Application Applications Legend: E=ELISA WB=Western Blotting IHC=Immunohistochemistry IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) IP=Immunoprecipitation IF=Immunofluorescence IC=Immunochemistry ICC=Immunocytochemistry FC=Flow Cytometry DB=Dot Blot	IHC, FC, ICC, E
Primary Accession	Q9NRA0
Reactivity	Human
Host	Mouse
Clonality	Monoclonal
Clone Names	3C8D3
Isotype	IgG1
Calculated MW	69217 Da
Description	This gene encodes one of two sphingosine kinase isozymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine into sphingosine 1-phosphate. Sphingosine 1-phosphate mediates many cellular processes including migration, proliferation and apoptosis, and also plays a role in several types of cancer by promoting angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. The encoded protein may play a role in breast cancer proliferation and chemoresistance. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.
Immunogen	Synthesized peptide of human SK2 (AA: 36-52).
Formulation	Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide

Additional Information
Gene ID	56848
Other Names	Sphingosine kinase 2, SK 2, SPK 2, 2.7.1.91, SPHK2
Dilution	IHC~~1/200 - 1/1000 FC~~1/200 - 1/400 ICC~~N/A E~~1/10000
Storage	Maintain refrigerated at 2-8°C for up to 6 months. For long term storage store at -20°C in small aliquots to prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Precautions	SK2 Antibody is for research use only and not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

Protein Information
Name	SPHK2 (HGNC:18859)
Synonyms	SK2
Function	Catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP), a lipid mediator with both intra- and extracellular functions. Also acts on D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine, D- erythro-sphingosine and L-threo-dihydrosphingosine. Binds phosphoinositides (PubMed:12954646, PubMed:19168031). In contrast to prosurvival SPHK1, has a positive effect on intracellular ceramide levels, inhibits cells growth and enhances apoptosis (PubMed:16118219). In mitochondria, is important for cytochrome-c oxidase assembly and mitochondrial respiration. The SPP produced in mitochondria binds PHB2 and modulates the regulation via PHB2 of complex IV assembly and respiration (PubMed:20959514). In nucleus, plays a role in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Interacts with HDAC1 and HDAC2 and, through SPP production, inhibits their enzymatic activity, preventing the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues with histones. Up- regulates acetylation of histone H3-K9, histone H4-K5 and histone H2B- K12 (PubMed:19729656). In nucleus, may have an inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis and cell cycle (PubMed:12954646, PubMed:16103110). In mast cells, is the main regulator of SPP production which mediates calcium influx, NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine production, such as TNF and IL6, and degranulation of mast cells (By similarity). In dopaminergic neurons, is involved in promoting mitochondrial functions regulating ATP and ROS levels (By similarity). Also involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism (By similarity).
Cellular Location	Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Endoplasmic reticulum {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:Q9JIA7}. Mitochondrion inner membrane {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:Q9JIA7}. Note=In nucleus, located in nucleosomes where it associates with core histone proteins such as histone 3 (PubMed:19729656). In brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, may be preferentially localized in the nucleus. Cytosolic expression decrease correlates with the density of amyloid deposits (PubMed:29615132). In apoptotic cells, colocalizes with CASP1 in cell membrane where is cleaved and released from cells in an active form (PubMed:20197547).
Tissue Location	Mainly expressed in adult kidney, liver, and brain (PubMed:10751414). Expressed in cerebral cortex and hippocampus (at protein level) (PubMed:29615132). Isoform 1 is the predominant form expressed in most tissues (PubMed:16103110)