DRD2 Rabbit pAb

25 ug total protein per lane of various lysates (see on figure) probed with DRD2 polyclonal antibody, unconjugated (AP94090) at 1:1000 dilution and 4°C overnight incubation. Followed by conjugated secondary antibody incubation at r.t. for 60 min.
Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (Rat brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (Dopamine D2 Receptor) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (AP94090) at 1:400 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.
Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (Human glioma); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (Dopamine D2 Receptor) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (AP94090) at 1:400 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.

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Product Information
Application Applications Legend: E=ELISA WB=Western Blotting IHC=Immunohistochemistry IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) IP=Immunoprecipitation IF=Immunofluorescence IC=Immunochemistry ICC=Immunocytochemistry FC=Flow Cytometry DB=Dot Blot	WB
Primary Accession	P14416
Reactivity	Rat, Human, Mouse
Predicted	Dog, Rabbit, Horse, Sheep
Host	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
Calculated MW	50619 Da
Physical State	Liquid
Immunogen	KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human DRD2
Epitope Specificity	1-100/443
Isotype	IgG
Purity	affinity purified by Protein A
Buffer	0.01M TBS (pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.02% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION	Cell membrane.
DISEASE	Defects in DRD2 are associated with dystonia type 11 (DYT11) [MIM:159900]; also known as alcohol-responsive dystonia. DYT11 is a myoclonic dystonia. Dystonia is defined by the presence of sustained involuntary muscle contractions, often leading to abnormal postures. DYT11 is characterized by involuntary lightning jerks and dystonic movements and postures alleviated by alcohol. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. The age of onset, pattern of body involvement, presence of myoclonus and response to alcohol are all variable.
Important Note	This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
Background Descriptions	This gene encodes the D2 subtype of the dopamine receptor. This G-protein coupled receptor inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity. A missense mutation in this gene causes myoclonus dystonia; other mutations have been associated with schizophrenia. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. A third variant has been described, but it has not been determined whether this form is normal or due to aberrant splicing. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Additional Information
Gene ID	1813
Other Names	D(2) dopamine receptor, Dopamine D2 receptor, DRD2
Dilution	WB=1:500-2000,ELISA=1:5000-10000
Storage	Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

Protein Information
Name	DRD2 {ECO:0000303\|PubMed:15389757, ECO:0000312\|HGNC:HGNC:3023}
Function	G protein-coupled receptor for dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter hormone that functions as the brain's 'reward chemical', driving motivation, reinforcement learning and pleasure (PubMed:21645528, PubMed:32103023, PubMed:32528175, PubMed:33353947, PubMed:33571431, PubMed:37221270, PubMed:39103320). Dopamine binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of downstream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase (PubMed:32103023, PubMed:32528175, PubMed:33353947, PubMed:33571431, PubMed:37221270). Dopamine receptors can be classified in two categories: (1) DRD2 (together with DRD3 and DRD4) is a D2-type receptor and is coupled to G(i)/G(o) G proteins, mediating inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity, while D1-type receptors (DRD1 and DRD5) are coupled to G(s) G proteins and promote activation of adenylate cyclase activity (PubMed:32103023, PubMed:32528175, PubMed:33353947, PubMed:33571431, PubMed:37221270). In the central nervous system, DRD2 is mainly coupled to G(o)/GNAO1 (By similarity). D1- and D2-type dopamine receptors have antagonistic effects, particularly in the brain's striatum, where they govern voluntary movement and reward: D1-type receptors generally stimulate neural activity and promotes action, while D2-type receptors tend to inhibit neural activity and suppress movement (By similarity). DRD1 and DRD2 are the most abundant dopamine receptors in the central nervous system, especially in the basal ganglia and the prefrontal cortex (PubMed:33571431). DRD2 receptor plays a key role in risky decision-making by modulating reward sensitivity and executive control; DRD2 activation in nucleus accumbens cells leading to increased risk- taking and impulsivity (By similarity). DRD2 can also couple with G(q) by forming a heteromer with the ghrelin receptor GHSR in neurons independently of ghrelin (By similarity). Following DRD2 activation by dopamine in lumbosacral defecation centers, GHSR acts as a coreceptor promoting DRD2 coupling to G(q) at the expense of G(i)/G(o), regulating defecation (By similarity). In addition to dopamine, also acts as a receptor for tryptophan-derived metabolites in intestinal epithelial cells: activation by tryptophan metabolites produced by the gut microbiota initiates a phospholipase-C-dependent signaling that promotes colonization resistance by pathogens by controlling actin cytoskeletal organization in the gut epithelium (By similarity). Positively regulates postnatal regression of retinal hyaloid vessels via suppression of VEGFR2/KDR activity, downstream of OPN5 (By similarity). Also acts as a receptor for D-lysergic (LSD) psychedelic drug (PubMed:40683247).
Cellular Location	Postsynaptic cell membrane {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P61169}; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Mainly active on postsynaptic membrane (By similarity). Specifically localizes to special plasma membrane microcompartments (PubMed:23493394) {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P61169, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23493394}
Tissue Location	[Isoform 1]: Expressed in the anterior pituitary gland.